Racism Is An Institutionalized System Of The United States...

Racism in the United States: How it has been Outlined by Panopticism We live in a world where Panopticism rules and meritocracy is a myth. Racism has always been present, and it travelled across the sea with the settlers of the New World. Herman Melville is quoted by Ronald Takaki as saying, â€Å"You cannot spill a drop of American blood, without spilling the blood of the whole world. We are not a narrow tribe,† (Takaki, 5). However, White men have a history of labelling people. They label the norms, people like themselves, White, as â€Å"us,† and they label the abnorms, the people different from â€Å"us,† the people of color, as â€Å"them.† Racism is an institutionalized system that has evolved throughout the centuries under one model: Jeremy Bentham’s Panopticon. We are able to track these advancements as they go from various forms of punishment into the treatment of certain groups as inferior, or abnormal, and others as superior, or normal. R acism has its roots in many systems that have taken shape and evolved over hundreds of years of history. In the 17th century, a town took drastic measures to diminish the risk of spreading the Bubonic plague. Among their efforts to exterminate the lethal effects of such a horrible disease, the town set up a strict system for its residence. Officials shut down the town and all of its outlying districts. They then divided it into separate quarters with governing officials overseeing the unfolding events there. These officials would report to theShow MoreRelatedInstitutionalized Discrimination : The Unearned And Discriminatory Oppression Of An Individual1155 Words   |  5 PagesInstitutionalized discrimination refers to the unearned and discriminatory oppression of an individual or group of individuals by society and its institutions as a whole, through imbalanced selection or bias, intentional or unintentional; as opposed to individuals making s conscious choice to discriminate. In stitutionalized discrimination refers to the unjust and discriminatory mistreatment of an individual or group of individuals by society and its institutions making a conscious choice to discriminateRead More Racial Profiling is Institutionalized Racism Essay840 Words   |  4 PagesBailey (1997), and is still working as a police officer. nbsp; The Diallo incident is a clear model of how racism operates in this country. Racism is much more complex than feelings or acts of hatred toward another race; it is an institutionalized system of oppression, sharing similarities with sexism, classism, and homophobia but with distinct differences. This institutionalized effort creates an environment where four white men can lynch a Black man and be absolved of all guilt. nbsp;Read MoreInclusion And Full Of Half Truths Essay1210 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch conducted, statistics, graphs, and charts, by so called professionals within education who want people to believe their conclusions. These findings are merely illusion of inclusion and used as tools to utilized as it relates to the educational system. Let’s study this a little deeper. For instance, I teach criminal justice in a predominately black high school. This subject affects all cultures, races, and economic status despite educational levels. It’s real, authentic and most of all troublesomeRead MoreRacism Is Not A Physical Action1533 Words   |  7 PagesSolomon Northup a free Black man sold into slavery in Southern United States recalls in his memoir 12 Years A Slave being threatened by his white masters for being able to read and write. Not only did Blacks such as Northup suffer from the structural violence that was slavery, but also from institutionalized racism in the sch ool system. Racism is more than a single person s actions towards another based on skin color. Racism is â€Å" the belief that all members of each race possess certain characteristicsRead MoreThe Explicit Oppression, And Societal Disadvantages Experienced1437 Words   |  6 Pagesby racial and ethnic minorities in the United States are those that are a product of past racism and discriminatory practices based on prejudice towards the collective minority groups. Although many of the explicit discriminatory practices based on race are frowned upon in the U.S. today, that does not suggest that they do not still exist. The racism of contemporary times has only shifted form and is used against minorities in the form of institutionalized and societal racist practices. The maintenanceRead MoreThe Racism Of African Americans959 Words   |  4 PagesThe embedment of racism into American society has created severe disadvantages for African Americans. In addition to the negative effects of individual racism, systemic racism s crushing discrimination has devastated the African Americans in this country. Due to the horrors of systemic racism many African Americans find themselves at economic and social disadvantages. The education opportunities they encounter are far more limited than the ones White Americans do. As a result, African AmericansRead MoreBrown vs. Board of Education: Case Study1745 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution. After the ruling, American public schools were henceforth mandated to cease discrimination on the basis of race. The Supreme Court itself does not enforce the law. Enforcement of the law is left up to state and local government officials, which contended with protests of the ruling in many locations. Chief Justice Warren delivers the majority opinion of the court. The eloquent statement begins with the declaration that Brown versus the Board of EducationRead MoreCombatting Institutionalized Racism1534 Words   |  6 Pagesslavery in the United States of America, it can seem like a distant problem. The 13th the social implications of this act still echo in our society today. It is hard to believe that it was less than a century ago – barely even fifty years – that the events detailed in Freedom Riders took place, that the actors in this major direct action movement are still alive to tell their stories. It is the goal of this paper to describe what took place across the southern United States in this timeRead MoreThe Melting Pot By The American Dream Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough the metaphor of â€Å"the Melting Pot† is still true in America today, the poisoned system is pushing the society to the edge of racial discrimination. Thus, it is time to put an end on it and reform a cultural mosaic in order to rescue the society from being too cultural homogenous. Although the â€Å"Melting Pot† society gives everyone a strong sense of national identity to be a true American, it rationalizes racism and intolerance in the country. Minorities who are maladaptive to the culture have muchRead MoreAmerica Is The Land Of The Free Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pagesof race was never popular or significant, as there was little to no racial diversity. Coming from a country where I did not even look at the color of my skin to a place where the only thing people saw was my color, astonished me. Living in the United States and learning about slavery in middle school, I thought of it as something that was long gone, something I would never have to worry about, but as I grew older I began to see the lingering shadows that remained. A petrified twelve-year-old me once

The Examination Of Crime And Crime - 1146 Words

The NCVS surveys individuals from households about crimes committed against them. In 2011, about 143,000 individuals that were 12 years or older were interviewed from a total of 80,000 households (Barkan 2014:43). Some strengths of this measurement would be that it includes contexts of the crimes, victim characteristics, and more accurate estimates of crime than the UCR. Weaknesses of this measurement of crime would be that it ignores white-collar crime, and it has a dark figure of crime. This includes hidden crimes not shown in the NCVS that are from the non-reported crimes, homeless victims, and homicide victims (Barkan 2014:44). A final measurement of crime is self-report studies. This is a survey in the form of questionnaires and interviews that asks respondents about what crimes they have committed. These report results are anonymous, which gives people more incentive to tell the truth, thus increasing credibility. On the other hand, major weaknesses of this report are that not everyone will give honest answers, it focuses on minor crimes, and it ignores white-collar crime (Barkan 2014:45). While all the methods listed can be valuable in measuring crime phenomena, they all have their strengths and weaknesses that make some better or worse to use when examining the prevalence of crime. There are typical patterns to the crimes committed in this novel that show how commonly they occur, who the typical victim and offender is, and the social conditions that contribute toShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Examination Of Crime862 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Gavin, in the text Criminological and Forensic Psychology, many psychologists have attempted to explain crime by coming up with multiple social theories. Gavin states that psychologist suggest that those who commit crimes have â€Å"individual differences† that â€Å"make it more likely than some people to commit crimes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and that these social theories say that these crimes are a resul t of â€Å"the breakdown in social structures†. One of the first social theories that was introduced came about inRead MoreExamination Of A Crime Scene1640 Words   |  7 Pages Examination of a crime scene Written By: Faris Kattan Student Number: 14064065 South wales university – Treforest Campus BEng Fire Safety Engineering 2015 - 2016 Table of content Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 1.1 SCENARIO†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 1.2 RISK ASSESSMENT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 1.3 PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SCENE..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 2.0 SUCCESSFUL SUBMISSION OF COLLECTION LOG.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 3.0 EVIDENCERead MoreTactical Crime Analysis : Crime And Disorder906 Words   |  4 PagesTactical crime analysis is the study of recent criminal incidents and potential criminal activity through the examination of characteristics such as how, when, and where the activity has occurred to assist in pattern development, investigative lead and suspect identification, and case clearance (Santos, 2012). â€Å"The first goal of tactical crime analysis is pattern identification, which consists of linking crimes by type, MO, person, and vehicle characteristics, among other things† (Santos, 2012).Read MoreForensic Investigation Based On An Imaginary Company923 Words   |  4 Pagescompany, ABC Corporation that designs and manufactures wireless routers and telecommunication equipment. 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After a crime is committed it must be investigated, suspects arrested, booked, a preliminary hearing, suspect released on bail/recognizance, indictment, an arraignment which defendant pleas guilty/not guilty, if guilty then on to the trial, and on if they are found guilty by a jury during trial. The crime committed in A Time to Kill was a double murder by Carl Lee Hailey of his young daughters’, Tonya, rapists

Catch 22 And Good As Gold Sa Essay Example For Students

Catch 22 And Good As Gold Sa Essay Joseph Heller who is perhaps one of the most famous writers of the 20th century writes on some emotional issues such as war. He does not deal with these issues in the normal fashion instead he criticizes them and the institutions that help carry these things out. Heller in fact goes beyond criticizing he satirizes. Throughout his two major novels Catch-22 and Good as Gold he satirizes almost all of Americas respectful institutions. To truly understand these novels you must recognize that they are satires and why they are. Catch-22 is a satire on World War II. This novel takes place on the small island of Pianosa in the Mediterranean sea late in the war when Germany is no longer a threat. It is the struggle of one man, Yossarian, to survive the war. Throughout this novel Yossarian is trying to escape the war, and in order to do so he does many improper things. Good as Gold is about a Jewish man named Gold. It is about Golds experiences with the government while being employed in the White House. We will write a custom essay on Catch 22 And Good As Gold Sa specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It also deals in detail with Golds family problems and Golds struggle to write a book on the contemporary Jewish society. Throughout these two novels, Catch-22 and Good as Gold, Heller criticizes many institutions. In Good as Gold it is the White House and government as a whole, and in Catch-22 it is the military and medical institutions. In Catch-22 the military is heavily satirized. Heller does this by criticizing it. Karl agrees with this statement by offering an example of the satire of both the military and civilian institutions in Catch-22: The influence of mail clerk Wintergreen, the computer foul-up that promotes Major Major, and the petty rivalries among officers satirizes the communication failures and the cut-throat competition Heller saw within both the civilian and military bureaucracies of the 1950s. Even the Civil Rights movement, not yet widespread in the 1950s, is satirized in Colonel Cathcart attitudes toward enlisted men. (23) Karl summarizes the satirazation of the military with this: The enemy in Hellers book is not simply the chaos of war, but also the deadly inhuman bureaucracy of the military-economic establishment which clams to be a stay against chaos while it threatens human life more insidiously then battle itself. Heller also questions the need for the death and carnage throughout the novel asking if it is really necessary. Many other institutions are also satirized in Catch-22. Bryant points out the extreme variety of institutions that Heller satirizes with this His satire is directed toward the institutions that make up society, business, psychiatry, medicine, law, the military. . . (Bryant 228). Medicine is one of the institutions that is heavily satirized. He does this by portraying medicine as a science that is almost barbaric and not exact. He writes of how the men of the squadron used the hospital as a way out of battle. Catch-22 it self begins in the hospital where Yossarian is faking Jaundice of the liver in order to avoid battle. Many characters also take this up as a form of staying out of battle. Heller addresses the barbarism of medicine with Dr. Daneekas aides. He writes of them painting peoples gums and feet violet in order to ward of certain illnesses. In Catch-22 Heller also satirize religion. This occurs in Chapter Nineteen when Colonel Cathcart is aspiring to become a general. In this chapter religion is satirized in a number of ways. The first is when Colonel Cathcart uses it for a social icon to improve his chance of becoming general. Dr. Peek agrees with this by saying . . . we see a satire on religion used as a matter of social status (25). In Catch-22 there is also one more major satiriazation it is that of industry and finance. The reason this is true is because of certain things Milo says such as Whats good for the syndicate is good for the country (Karl 34). Good as Gold is manly a satire on the White House and government. Heller portrays the White House as being, disgraceful, according to Merrill. Merrill believes that this work criticizes politics almost from page one and that it does an excellent job of it in fact he writes A number of reviewers found that the Washington satire brilliant and incisive. . . (103). The other device that Heller uses is humor. Catch-22 is so satirical in places that it is hilarious. Mr. Hellers talent and use of comedy is so prevalent in these novels that it caused The Atlantic to write Mr. Hellers talents for comedy are so considerable that one gets irritated when he keeps pressing (Phoenix 31). Other critics such as Brustein also wrote that Hellers works are extremely hilarious (228). Although the novel is funny is uses humor in order to further satirize. Dr. Peek agrees with this statement by saying that Its Catch-22 not a flag-waving war adventure, but a novel using humor to discredit or ridicule aspects of out society (24). Dr. Peek also goes on to comment on the amount of comical dialogue in the novel. He says that it contains a significant amount of this dialogue and that it further adds to the humor (11). Heller even takes his humor as far as naming his characters comically. .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b , .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .postImageUrl , .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b , .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b:hover , .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b:visited , .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b:active { border:0!important; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b:active , .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u40176e771edd1cd5031d0533bb23df6b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Financial Literacy Essay Dr. Karl points out the comical naming of Major Major which turns into Major Major Major Major with his accidental promotion (11). The attaching of the prefix Hungry to Joes name in the novel is also comical, but Heller does not stop at that he goes as far as naming a character Scheisskopf, the parade crazed lieutenant, which actually means shithead. (Peek 10). Not only does Heller name characters comically he makes them act comically. The Loyalty Oath Crusade is an excellent example of this. This crusade is so completely absurd that it is humorous. Another example of the humor in this novel is the parades that Scheisskopf orders. It is not that he orders these parades that is comical it is his how serious he takes them. He comments to himself throughout the novel on how he will improve his parades. These ideas include nailing his marchers arms in the proper place. Perhaps one of the best examples of a comical character and who acts satirically is Milo Minderbinder. Milo runs a black-market syndicate in which he claims everyone gets the profits. Milos company acts as everything from a food supplier to a mercenary. The Germans hire Milo to do a number of missions. The one that Heller writes about in particular detail is the mission where Milo bombs his own squadron killing countless lives. Heller writes that Milo claimed responsibility for the act. As one would expect Milo would be arrested, but Heller carries the satire further by having Milo go scott free after he says it made a huge net profit (Peek 27). Another of Hellers comical characters is the character of Peckem. In the novel Peckem along with Colonel Korn plot to take over General Dreedles command. They do this by placing priority on such things as a perfect bomb pattern which endangers many mens lifes. Hellers description of Peckem is in itself comical he describes him as having the ability to get men to agree (Peek 20). Still one further element of Hellers humor is his comical language. The dialogue is extremely comical at times. An example of this is the hearing where Clevinger is being tried. Throughout this entire scene the characters often retort with just one word and even contradict something they said a moment ago. Dr.Peek believes that the squadron sometimes overcomes the officers command of the them by comical language (36). Heller uses irony throughout both novels in titles and characters in order to satirize. Throughout Catch-22 Heller discusses the theme of reality and appearance. He also discusses the difference between what is said and what is real. This leads to Hellers irony. The best example of this theme of reality is when Colonel Catchart is discussing whether to punish Yossarian or give him a medal (Peek 21). Dr. Peek also believes that the novel juxtaposes scenes in order to great a ironic perspective (Peek 10). In both Good as Gold and Catch-22 Heller names the books ironically. The title of Catch-22 is very ironic because the definition of Catch-22 is that in order to be removed from duty you must be insane. The catch to it is that if you go to a doctor because you believe that you are insane and you want to be removed from combat duty you cannot. The reason for this is that if you believe you are insane and want to be removed from duty you must be sane because you dont want to fight, hence risking death, any more. Olderman wrote about the catch saying this Catch-22 is the principle that informs the military-economic machine, giving it power and making war possible in the first place . . . the illogical must be done because the high command Catch-22 says it is logical (229). The title of Good as Gold is also ironic. It is because Good as Gold is the name of the contemporary Jewish novel that Professor Gold writes in Hellers work. The irony of the title means to say that the novel he writes is only as true and good as Gold is himself. Heller also makes his characters act ironically in both novels. In Catch-22 Heller treats the senior officers in his book with criticism and scorn. General Dreedles want to shoot Danby for moaning is an excellent example of his portrayal of senior officers as incompetent, ridiculous characters (Merrill 16). The pinnacle of Hellers irony and therefore satire is in the characters and situations surrounding the characters of Dr. Daneeka and Mudd. The satire in both these incidents is directed toward record keeping. In Dr. Daneekas case he is believed dead because the plane he was supposed to be on crashed, yet he is really alive. The opposite is true in the Mudd situation. In this situation Mudd is killed before he signs onto the combat roster so therefore he is treated as being alive while really dead as being alive. .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da , .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .postImageUrl , .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da , .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da:hover , .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da:visited , .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da:active { border:0!important; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da:active , .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udc1bbc4529dd864451bd8ff356ad87da:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The mindless worker Essay This treatment is such as his bags will not be removed from his former tent, and also all of the enlisted men speak of him throughout the book. Dr. Peek also points out one further ironic highlight in the novel, McWatts death. He believes that McWatts death is ironic because McWatt had no malice yet he was violently killed (Peek 24). Good as Gold also has a certain element of irony although it is less apparent. The characters of the White House seem to take their job lightly and do the improper things. The offering of a White House job as high-level as the Secretary of State to Professor Gold by Ralph Newsome, the presidential aide, simply because the president liked Golds book on him is ironic and a excellent example of satire. In Catch-22 Heller also portrays characters that hold high level positions in the military as being incompetent and irresponsible. Merrill believes that almost all of the characters in the novel are portrayed incompetent which is according to satiric fashions. He sites the numerous doctors that Yossarian fooled by faking a liver condition. He also cites Gus and Wes, Doctor Daneekas assistants, as being incompetent for their rushing of people to the hospital for a fever and their painting to ill peoples toes and gums violet (Merrill 18). It is also obvious in the novel that the military decisions are made in a absurd way and are highly illogical. The prime example of this is in the character Wintergreen who intercepts mail between the generals and doctors thereby allowing him to change orders to his liking. On this subject Burgess commented in his work on contemporary fiction by saying His approach Hellers is not merely satirical it is surrealistic, absurd, even lunatic, though the aim is serious enough to show . . . the monstrous egotism of the top brass (Burgess 140). This example of Wintergreen and the Burgess quote further show the irresponsibility and incompetence of high ranking officers. Heller portrays the military in Catch-22 as being exploitative of its soldiers and society. This is true in certain circumstances such as the tight bomb pattern that Colonel Cathcart deems imperative in order for him to be raised in command level. The military seems to act irresponsibly almost all the time. At one point in the novel the military ordered a whole civilian town destroyed in order to obtain a picture of a tight bomb pattern. This portraysion goes farther then a tight bomb pattern it extends to the point of total control of the soldiers in the military. Dr. Peek comments on this saying that . . . satire against dominating bureaucracy in general as the squadron begins to realize that administrators whose job is to serve them have taken control of their lives instead (20). The last device that Heller uses to create satire is in Good as Gold. In this novel he uses extreme amounts of caricature. This occurs especially in the White House characters. Merrill also points out Hellers caricature of Jewish people as whole by saying that their are no Jews in Good as Gold only caricatures conceived on a level somewhat between sitcom and slapstick (100). Hellers two novels, Catch-22 and Good as Gold, in short contain much satire. Catch-22 contains satire which is deeply integrated into its architecture, while Good as Gold is more superficial but still substantial. While Catch-22 satirizes primarily the military, Good as Gold satirizes the White House and government. These two novels contain many devices such as humor, irony, and caricature in order to achieve the desired effect of satire. As Karl points out Catch-22 had a profound effect on peoples views on war and also a impact on war novels of the 1960s and 1970s. If these novels are read as anything but satires they will not be appreciated nor understood totally. Works Cited Brustein, Robert. The Logic of Survival in a Lunatic World. The Critic as Artist: Essay on Books 1920-1970 1972:47-54. Rpt. in Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Eds. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale, 1975. 228. Bryant, Jerry H. The Open Decision: The Contemporary American Novel and Its Intellectual Background. 1970:156-159. Rpt. in. Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Eds. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale, 1975. 229. Burgess, Anthony. The Novel: A Guide to Contemporary Fiction. 1967:53. Rpt. in Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 1973. 140. Heller, Joseph. Catch-22. New York: Dell, Aug 1963. Heller, Joseph. Good as Gold. New York: Simon,1979. Karl, Frederick R. Barrons Book Notes Joseph Hellers Catch-22 (1983). American Online. Merrill, Robert. Joseph Heller. Ed. Warren French. Twaynes United States Authors Series. Boston: Twayne, 1987. Olderman, Raymond M. The Grail Knight Departs. Beyond the Waste Lands: A Study of the American Novel in the Nineteen-Sixties. Rpt. in Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale, 1975. 229-230. Peek, C. A. , Ph.D. Cliffs Notes on Hellers Catch-22. Ed. Gary Carey. Cliff Notes. Lincoln: Cliff, 1993. Phoenix, James. Joseph Heller: The Comedian. Atlantic Sept 1987: 47-52.

Jet Line Airline Company Case Study

JetBlue Airways Case background JetBlue Airways is an American low cost company incorporated on 1st August 1998 by David Neelaman. Since 2005 to 2010, the company has been voted as the best low cost airline in the United States; its main port is John F. Kennedy International airport (JetBlue official website, 2011). This paper looks into changes in American Airline industry, how the changes affect JetBlue and then evaluate strategies set by the company.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jet Line Airline Company Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Changes in America Airline industry The United States is a world leader in international and domestic air travel; it also is the world largest economy. These attributes has made the country a good market for international airline companies as they try to tap the market, there are also domestic companies coming with strategies to tap the same market. The country is facing an influx o flow cost planes both international and domestic. The effects of changes in the United States Airline industry on JetBlue The United States airline industry is highly competitive; low cost planes industry has drastically increased offering alternative means of transport, this affects JetBlue airlines directly. Examples of low cost companies in United States are Southwest airlines, Virgin Atlantic and Sun Country Airline Southwest airlines, Virgin Atlantic and Sun Country Airline. Connection of routes among different international companies has made international transport cheap; this has proved a challenge to JetBlue since it needs to compete with well-planned trading cartels. JetBlue airline strategies The company has embraced the benefits offered by scientific decision-making strategy; this is making decisions using information from internal and external audits. Research and development team is robust and ensures it advices the company on the right decision to m ake at an appropriate time. Internal audit, external audits, market surveys and research reports are analysed and form a business intelligence resource. The company aims at having quality services differentiate-able from those of its competitors. It aims at offering a memorable experience to clients. The focus on the customer has made the company enjoy increased clients who are loyal and willing to market the company. In 2010, the company was awarded the best customer service provider in airline industry in the United States. To enjoy a large market share, the company has diversified its services to other countries like Caribbean countries.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Financial obligation of the company The world is facing financial crisis that started in 2007, however, in 2009, the company was able to record a positive income in all the four quarters in the financial ye ar. The Company made an income of $58million. Its financial obligations are to creditors, shareholders, Investors, society, the government among other stakeholders. Strategic elements The company have implemented a six-sigma policy to reduce costs and increase efficiency. It has also embraced a positive organizational culture that allows employees air their views and assist in inventions and innovations taking place in the company. Currently the company has over 12000 dedicated staff and the management adopts different motivational measures. Each of the elements, that is, cost effectiveness, good human resources management, and positive organisational culture individually and collectively contributes to the good of the company. Jet Blue’s strategies for 2008 and their effectiveness In 2008, the company adopted different strategies to remain competitive despite the world economic situation. It has embarked on quality assurance and improvement to its clients a move that retaine d previous customers, as new ones were sort. To ensure that the company manages its costs effectively, it has adopted cost management strategies like Six-sigma, integrated supply chain management, just in time stock management and automation. This has resulted in reduction in the company’s costs. The company has embarked on massive research and development projects to boost its business (Thompson, Strickland Gamble, 2010). The strategies adopted in 2008 will assist the company cope with future market trends; the strategies will work because they are not static but easily adapts to changes in the industry. References JetBlue official website. (2011). JetBlue. Retrieved from https://www.jetblue.com/ Thompson, A., Strickland, A.J., Gamble, J.E. (2010). Crafting and executing strategy: The quest for competitive advantage: Concepts and cases: 2009 custom edition. New York: McGraw-Hill-Irwin.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jet Line Airline Company Case Stu dy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Jet Line Airline Company Case Study was written and submitted by user S1lkFever to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.